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Introducing the Qin
Qinshu Daquan Folio 1 (V/20-28) 1 |
序琴
琴書大全一卷 |
16 Essays introducing the qin
Here Erya Shu cites 廣雅 Guang Ya (9693.225), a lexicographic work attributed to 魏張挕 Zhang Die of the Wei dynasty (220-265). It is a compilation of glosses that had been found in earlier texts.
Seems to refer to the
Qin Cao by 蔡邕 Cai Yong (133 - 192)
Fuxi made a qin in order to cultivate moral character, regulate disposition, and return to a natural state.
By Liu An (d. 122 BCE)
The Shen Nong clan made the first qin.
疏 Running commentary on the 爾雅 Er Ya (20199.17), "an ancient Chinese lexicographic work, apparently a collection of early glosses and explanation on words appearing in Zhou texts." (ICTCL, p.315, which adds that the traditional attributions are variously to
Zhou Gong,
Confucius and
Zixia, but that it is probably 3rd or 2nd c. BCE).
Taishi Gong (the Grand Historian, or the Grand Astrologer) was 司馬遷 Sima Qian (ca.145 - c.85 BCE). This extract is the last section of Annal 24 of his Shi Ji, on music. It comes directly after the passage on Shi Kuang from Annal 24 included at Folio 16, #8.
An extended passage translated in its entirety in Van Gulik, Lore, pp.72-3.
(The same passage in Qinyuan Yaolu has a different ending.)
Fengsu Tong says: Shi Ben respectfully gives the opinion that
Shen Nong created the qin. Yue Shu says, Shun played a five string qin, sang the Southern Wind lyrics, and all under heaven was orderly.
Yue Shu is the name of Annal 24 of the Shi Ji (see #5 above) but there are numerous other early works with this name. I have not yet located the source of the two long passages here:
21570.72xxx (qin se: no book, no lun)
15829.88xxx (yue zhi: no book, no lun)
By 劉昺 Liu Bing (Song dynasty; see in Qinshu Bielu, #72).
5960.1128xxx (大晟詞 music during 1068-78)
Dasheng Yueshu: Great is the qin for making music. Its structure is careful/detailed, so its
righteousness is deep. Its sounds are beautiful so its effects are great....
Cui Zundu (954 - 1020); the following is also included with his Qin Shi biography.
21570.89 琴德﹕為琴所寓之德性 qin virtue: the virtuous nature that lies within the qin; quotes Baihu Tong and
Xi Kang's Qin Fu
This is the same as the ninth section in
Folio 6 of Zhu Changwen's Qin Shi.
The first 2/3rds of this quotes the first 2/3rds of Zhu Changwen's preface to his Qin Shi. However, it skips to something that looks like 曾旼 cengmin (14627.xxx) 序琴史 Preface to Qin Shi, something I have not located.
琴史，序，曰﹕琴之為器起於上皇之世。後聖承承亦加潤餘其材則....
"Received from Antiquity Qin Extracts" (12407.14 zhen gu only) is #145 in Qinshu Cunmu, but there is no information other than that it is listed in the
Luzhutang Shumu.
Another section is in Folio 16, #63
Lu Shi, by 羅泌 Luo Mi (or Bi; prob. 13th c.; has biographies from pre-history)
Footnotes (Shorthand references are explained on a
separate page)
1. Further information in the Preface. (V/....) refers to page numbers in Vol. V of Qinqu Jicheng. (Return)
2.
"The qin signifies restraint" 琴者禁也
Van Gulik, Lore, p. 42, translates the commentary on this famous saying not from Baihu Tong but from 風俗通義 Fengsu Tongyi (a longer passage, quoted above, is also translated by Van Gulik). His translation here is as follows (he does not include the Chinese original):
Van Gulik goes on to say that the phrase "qin means restraint" is the basis for the Confucian teaching that the qin is an instrument for "nourishing the heart" (養心 yang xin). He then translates a passage from Mencius (Book VII, 35) commenting on this.
"Thus," (adds Van Gulik), "the qin, through its capacity for restraining human passions, was a suitable instrument for everyone desiring to become the ideal statesman and ruler of the Confucianist school of thought, the Superior Man, the 君子 junzi."
(Return)
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